Don't Get Caught With the Door Open: A Facilities Manager's Guide to Door Closers

As a facilities manager, you oversee a multitude of systems within a building. From the efficient hum of the HVAC system to the seamless flicker of lights, and the orderly flow of plumbing, your responsibilities are vast. However, amidst these complex systems, it's crucial not to overlook the humble yet vital door closer.

These unassuming devices play a pivotal role in the safety and security of your building. A malfunctioning door closer can lead to a host of problems, from slamming doors and security breaches to fire code violations and accessibility issues. Ensuring their proper function is a key part of your role as a facilities manager.

This post will delve into the world of door closers, providing you with the knowledge and insights to make informed decisions about selecting, installing, and maintaining these essential components of your building.

Why Door Closers Matter

Before we dive into the specifics, let's understand why door closers are so important:

• Safety: Door closers prevent doors from slamming shut, protecting fingers, hands, and belongings from injury. They also ensure doors close securely, preventing unauthorized access and potential hazards.

• Security: In the event of a fire or other emergency, door closers ensure fire doors close properly, preventing the spread of smoke and flames. This compartmentalization is critical for containing the emergency and ensuring safe evacuation.

• Accessibility: Door closers with adjustable closing speeds and delayed action features make it easier for people with disabilities to open and pass through doors, ensuring compliance with accessibility regulations. This is one of the reasons ADA requires a door to take at least 5 seconds to close.

• Energy Efficiency: Door closers help maintain a consistent building temperature by preventing doors from being left open, reducing energy waste and costs.

• Noise Reduction: By controlling the closing speed of doors, door closers minimize noise levels, creating a more peaceful and productive environment.

Types of Door Closers

Door closers come in various types, each with its own advantages and applications:

• Surface-Mounted Door Closers: These are the most common type, installed on the surface of the door or frame. They are easy to install and maintain, making them a popular choice for many applications.

• Concealed Door Closers: These are hidden within the door or frame, providing a cleaner aesthetic. They are ideal for applications where appearance is a priority.

• Floor Spring Door Closers: These are heavy-duty closers installed in the floor, often used for larger and heavier doors. They provide a strong closing force and are suitable for high-traffic areas.

• Automatic Door Closers: These use sensors to automatically open and close doors, providing hands-free operation and enhanced accessibility.

Choosing the Right Door Closer

Selecting the appropriate door closer depends on several factors:

• Door Size and Weight: Heavier doors require closers with greater closing force.

• Door Location and Traffic: High-traffic areas require durable closers that can withstand frequent use.

• Fire Code Requirements: Fire doors require closers that meet specific fire safety standards.

• Accessibility Needs: Consider closers with adjustable closing speeds and delayed action features to accommodate people with disabilities.

• Aesthetic Preferences: Choose closers that complement the building's design and aesthetics.

Installation and Maintenance

Regular and thorough maintenance is crucial for ensuring the longevity and effectiveness of door closers. By staying proactive and conducting regular inspections, you can prevent potential issues and ensure the smooth operation of these essential components.  

• Installation: It's recommended that door closers be installed by qualified professionals to ensure proper functionality and compliance with building codes.

• Regular Inspections: Inspect door closers regularly for signs of wear and tear, such as leaking fluid or loose screws.

• Periodic Adjustments: Adjust the closing speed and latching force as needed to ensure optimal performance.

• Lubrication: Lubricate moving parts periodically to prevent friction and ensure smooth operation.

Beyond the Basics: Advanced Features

Modern door closers offer a range of advanced features to enhance functionality and safety:

• Delayed Action: This feature allows the door to remain open for a set period, making it easier for people with mobility impairments to pass through.

• Backcheck: This prevents the door from slamming open, protecting the door and surrounding walls from damage.

• Hold-Open: This allows the door to be held open in a specific position, convenient for moving large objects or facilitating airflow.

• Electromagnetic Hold-Open: This feature allows the door to be held open electronically and released remotely in case of a fire alarm.

Door Closers and Sustainability

Choosing energy-efficient door closers can contribute to your building's sustainability goals. Look for closers with features like:

• Adjustable Closing Speeds: Optimize closing speeds to minimize air leakage and maintain a consistent building temperature.

• Low-Leakage Seals: Closers with tight seals prevent air infiltration, reducing energy waste.

• Durable Construction: Choose closers made from durable materials that require less frequent replacement, reducing waste and environmental impact.

Conclusion

Door closers may seem like small components, but they play a vital role in the safety, security, and accessibility of your building. By understanding the different types of door closers, their applications, and maintenance requirements, you can make informed decisions that ensure the smooth operation and longevity of these essential devices.

So, the next time you're evaluating your building's infrastructure, don't overlook the humble door closer. It's a small investment that can make a big difference in your facility's overall functionality and safety.

Closing the door on this post, thanks for reading,

Jason Kinikin, CFM, SFP

IFMA CC Communication Committee